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Jueves, 01 de Julio de 2021 15:17 | 
Author: Manlio Dinucci | 
| Edición 418 |
Cumbre de la OTAN:
el imperio estadounidense
despliega tropas
para la batalla
Por Manlio Dinucci
LA CUMBRE de la OTAN tuvo lugar ayer en la sede de Bruselas: el Consejo del Atlántico Norte al más alto nivel de Líderes de Estado y Gobierno. Fue presidido formalmente por el secretario general Jens Stoltenberg , de facto por el presidente de Estados Unidos, Joseph Biden , quien llegó a Europa para llamar a las armas a sus aliados en el conflicto global contra Rusia y China.
LA CUMBREde la OTAN estuvo precedida y preparada por dos iniciativas políticas que vieron a Biden como protagonista, la firma de la Nueva Carta del Atlántico y el G7, y a las que seguirá la reunión del presidente Biden con el presidente de la Federación de Rusia,Vladimir Putin.el 16 de junio en Ginebra. El resultado de la reunión está anunciado por la negativa de Biden a celebrar la habitual conferencia de prensa final con Putin.
La Nueva Carta del Atlántico fue firmada el 10 de junio en Londres por el presidente de Estados Unidos y el primer ministro británico Boris Johnson. Es un documento político significativo al que nuestros medios de comunicación le han dado poca importancia.
La histórica Carta del Atlántico, firmada por el presidente estadounidense Roosevelt y el primer ministro británico Churchill en agosto de 1941, dos meses después de que la Alemania nazi invadiera la Unión Soviética, enunciaba los valores en los que se basaría el futuro orden mundial con la garantía de las “grandes democracias”: sobre todo la renuncia al uso de la fuerza, la autodeterminación de los pueblos y su igualdad de derechos en el acceso a los recursos.
La historia posterior ha demostrado cómo se han aplicado estos valores. Ahora, la Carta del Atlántico "revitalizada" reafirma su compromiso con "defender nuestros valores democráticos frente a quienes intentan socavarlos”.
Con este fin, EE.UU. y Gran Bretaña aseguran a sus Aliados que siempre podrán contar con “nuestros elementos de disuasión nuclear” y que “la OTAN seguirá siendo una alianza nuclear”.
La Cumbre del G7, celebrada en Cornualles del 11 al 13 de junio, ordenó a Rusia "detener su comportamiento desestabilizador y actividades malignas, incluida su interferencia en los sistemas democráticos de otros países", y acusó a China de "políticas y prácticas ajenas al mercado que socavar el funcionamiento justo y transparente de la economía global”.Con estas y otras acusaciones (formuladas en las propias palabras de Washington), las potencias europeas del G7 -Gran Bretaña, Alemania, Francia e Italia, que son al mismo tiempo las principales potencias europeas de la OTAN- se alinearon con Estados Unidos antes de la Cumbre de la OTAN. .
La Cumbre de la OTAN comenzó con la declaración de que “nuestra relación con Rusia está en su punto más bajo desde el final de la Guerra Fría. Esto se debe a las acciones agresivas de Rusia ”y que“ el fortalecimiento militar, la influencia creciente y el comportamiento coercitivo de China también plantean algunos desafíos para nuestra seguridad ”.
Una auténtica declaración de guerra que, al poner la realidad patas arriba, no deja lugar a negociaciones para aliviar la tensión.
La Cumbre abrió un “nuevo capítulo” en la historia de la Alianza, basado en la Agenda “OTAN 2030”.
El "enlace transatlántico”Entre Estados Unidos y Europa se fortalece en todos los niveles - político, militar, económico, tecnológico, espacial y otros - con una estrategia que se extiende a escala global desde Norteamérica y Sudamérica hasta Europa, desde Asia hasta África. En este contexto, Estados Unidos pronto desplegará nuevas bombas nucleares y nuevos misiles nucleares de mediano alcance en Europa contra Rusia y en Asia contra China.
De ahí la decisión de la Cumbre de incrementar aún más el gasto militar: Estados Unidos, cuyo gasto asciende a casi el 70% del total de los 30 países de la OTAN, está presionando a los Aliados europeos para que lo incrementen. Desde 2015, Italia ha aumentado su gasto anual en 10 mil millones, llevándolo a unos 30 mil millones de dólares en 2021 (según datos de la OTAN), la quinta nación en orden de magnitud entre los 30 países de la OTAN.
Al mismo tiempo, se refuerza el papel del Consejo del Atlántico Norte. Es el órgano político de la Alianza, que decide no por mayoría sino siempre “por unanimidad y de mutuo acuerdo” según las reglas de la OTAN, es decir, de acuerdo con lo que se decida en Washington. El papel reforzado del Consejo del Atlántico Norte implica un debilitamiento adicional de los Parlamentos europeos, en particular del Parlamento italiano, que ya está privado de poderes reales de toma de decisiones en política exterior y militar, dado que 21 de los 27 países de la UE pertenecen a la OTAN.
Sin embargo, no todos los países europeos están al mismo nivel: Gran Bretaña, Francia y Alemania negocian con Estados Unidos sobre la base de sus propios intereses, mientras que Italia acepta las decisiones de Washington en contra de sus propios intereses. Los contrastes económicos (por ejemplo, el contraste en el oleoducto North Stream entre Alemania y EE. UU.) Pasan a un segundo plano frente al interés común superior: garantizar que Occidente mantenga su dominio en un mundo donde surgen o resurgen nuevos sujetos estatales y sociales surgir.
Manlio Dinucci, autor galardonado, analista geopolítico y geógrafo, Pisa, Italia. Es investigador asociado del Centro de Investigación sobre Globalización.
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